The gathering is one of nature’s fantastic spectacles. Every year countless lesser flamingos have flocked to Tanzania’s Lake Natron to start nesting, but this mainly depends on the combination of environmental factors. Three-quarters of the world population of lesser flamingos (Hoenicopterus minor) live in East Africa and use Lake Natron as their nesting site. The birds take advantage of the lake’s extreme conditions, which keep their predators at bay, and more than 2.5 million lesser flamingos flock there during the breeding season. Sometimes, Lake Natron temperature crosses 60 ☌ making life difficult for animals and birds. Lake Natron is home to some endemic algae, invertebrates, birds, and fish. There are a variety of plants surrounding the lake get that benefit from salt marshes and freshwater wetlands.
The alkali salt crust on the surface of the lake is also every so often colored red or pink by the salt-loving microorganisms that live there. Moreover, the red accessory photosynthesizing pigment in the cyanobacteria yields the deep reds of the open water of the lake and the orange colors of the shallow parts of the lake. Therefore, halophile organisms include a few cyanobacteria that make their own food with photosynthesis as plants do. Due to high evaporation rates, the color of the lake is characteristic during the dry season, salinity levels rise at a certain point where the salt-loving microorganisms start to flourish. The Lake’s alkalinity reaches a pH of more than 12, making the surrounding bedrock composed of alkaline, sodium-dominated trachyte lavas that were laid down during the Pleistocene period. Natron Lake has high levels of evaporation left behind natron, and trona (sodium, carbonate, decahydrate, sesquicarbonate dehydrate). The Lake Natron is also the World Wildlife Fund East African halophytics ecoregion. Due to its exclusive biodiversity, Tanzania has named The Lake Natron Basin to the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International significance. The Natron Lake temperature is falling above 40 ☌ (104 ☏). The Lake Natron is quite shallow just 9.8 feet deep, 57 KM long, and 22 KM wide. The water level varies depending on its water.
The Lake is mainly fed by Ewaso Ng’iro River, which rises in central Kenya, and by mineral-rich hot springs. Lake Natron is a salt and soda lake in the Arusha Region of Northern Tanzania, close to Kenyan Border in Gregory Rift.
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